Description

Laser based Direct Energy Deposition (DED), also called Laser Metal Deposition (LMD), is a process which is widely used for cladding and repair applications and increasingly for additive manufacturing. Its controlled energy input and its ability to control the dilution allows the use of less material and the production of thinner and precise layers increasing productivity and reducing costs. Associated to those characteristics, is the ability to operate using both, powder or wire additives. The last one presents a series of advantages, as lower price per kilogram, lower porosity on the deposited material and lower health risks for users. The use of a coaxial wire feeding laser head allows an omnidirectional operation for the laser head, presenting a great advantage when compared to lateral feeding systems. For soldering applications, some suppliers offer wire feeding systems that allow to control the force applied by the wire on the substrate. This system measures the contact between the wire and the bottom of the melt pool, enabling a bridge metal transfer mode. The bridge transfer mode is essential, since the surface tension plays the main influence and, on the other hand, gravity plays only a minor importance in the metal transfer. The results of using a force control system with different settings and a comparison between samples produced with and without this control are discussed. The material for both, samples and wire, is the Stainless Steel 316L. To assist the analysis, high speed videos, process data acquisition and macrographs are made.

Contributing Authors

  • Erwin W Teichmann
    Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC)
  • Jana Kelbassa
    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT)
  • Andres Gasser
    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT)
  • Steffen Tarner
    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT)
  • Johannes H Schleifenbaum
    Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT)
Erwin W Teichmann
Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC)
Track: Laser Additive Manufacturing
Session: Directed Energy Deposition Materials Technology
Day of Week: Tuesday
Date/Time:
Location:

Keywords

  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Coaxial Wire Feeding
  • Ded
  • Force Control
  • Laser Metal Deposition